Alloy.



, UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

' WILBUR B. DRIVER, or EAST ORANGE, EW JERSEY.

ALLOY.

citizen of the United States, and a resident of East Orange, New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Alloys,.

which is fully set'forth in the following specification.

My. invention consists of a new and useful improvement in alloys or compounds of copper, nickel, and manganese which are (esigned primarily for use as electrical resistance to take the place of materials heretofore used for that purpose, especially German silver, which has for many years been regarded as the standard material for the purpose, but which v possesses many disadvantages that are eliminated by using the alloy of my invention. l

The object is to produce an allo that shall not only have a high and practical y constant resistance, but one that .is permanent and stable in its physical and electrical properties. I c I The particular disadvantage of German silver is that after repeated beatings and coolings in service it crystallizes and breaks. This is due to the presence of'zinc and is not an infrequent occurrence in any alloy 'of which zinc forms a considerable part, and for this reason I have omitted zinc in my new alloy,

Eighteen per cent. German silver/7 the grade most frequently used, is composed of eighteen 'to twenty parts nickel, ten to twenty-five parts zinc, and fifty-five to seventy-two parts copper. In my improved alloy I have a out the same proportion of cop perand of nickel, but have replaced the zinc with about five parts of man anese. This makes an alloy consisting of about seventyfive parts copper, twenty parts nickel, and five parts manganese. Nickel and manganese each have the effect of increasing the re-' sistance of the alloy, the manganese, however, to a much greater extent than the nickel; but manganese has a tendency to make the alloy unstable, and therefore a considerable amount of'nickelten per cent. or more-is used for the purpose of fixing the electrical qualities of the resultant alloy.

Alloys have been heretofore suggested consisting of copper and nickel with manganese; but the manganese entering into the compo- Specification of Letters Patent. .A pplication filed geptember '7. 1906. Serial No. 277,362.

Patented. June 26, 1906. I

sition was usually in the form of ferromanganose, and the result, was the production of .an

alloy which would rust and" rapidly deteriorate upon or; osure even to the atmosphere. By the use 0 pure manganese iron does not enter into my composition, and therefore the ossibility and om rust is e iminated. Moreover, such copper-nickelmanganese alloys as have been attempted were found to be brittle or otherwise unworkable in addition to their want of stability and liability to rust. nessis possibly due to the pro ortions used.

In the-manufacture of my a loy I employ the ordinary method of making alloys-that is, take the three ingredients in the pro ortions, by weight, indicated and place t em in a crucible and then a ply heat to fuse the ticle; but if these substances are present in.

small quantities only they will have very little influence on the-value of the commercial alloy.

Y The pro ortions named abovecan be varied consi erably without materially changrobability of deterioration This brittleing the effectiveness of the alloy; but for the reasons stated I prefer the ingredients to be of practically the percentage-specified.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is the following: i

1. A new composition'of matter containing copper and nickel with from five per cent. to ten per] cent. (5%10%) ofmanganese and being essentially free from iron or other foreign substances.

- 2. A new composition of matter consisting ofan alloy containing copper and manganese with twenty percent. of nickel.

- 3. A new composition of matter consistin of an alloy containing copper and nickel with five per cent. of manganese.

4. A new composition of matter consistin of an alloy containing manganese and nicke with seventy-five per cent. of copper.

5. An electrical resistance cons sting of an alloy containing seventy-five parts of copper 7O mixture, or they may e melted separately and twenty parts of nickel with five parts of specification in the presence ofv tWo subscribmanggnese. f ing Witnesses.

6. new com osition 0 matter consisting of an alloy containing copper and manganese WILBUR DRIVER 5 With from ten per cent. to thirty per cent. Witnesses:

(10%30%) of nickel. R. L. SCOTT,

In testimony whereof I have signed this W. H. HARTING. 

